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|   HowTo:  Create and Use a Separate Data Partition | 
 
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Posted by: gold_finger  - 04-04-2014, 10:47 PM - Forum: Tutorials 
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				How To Create and Use a Separate Data Partition 
 
There are advantages to creating a completely separate partition for your data files instead of keeping them on a dedicated /home partition, or on the / (root) partition with the system files.  Here are a few: 
 
1.  Makes use and sharing of data easier between different operating systems on the computer (Windows or Linux).  Instead of having data created while using each OS saved to its own location, they can all read/write data to one central location. 
2.  Eliminates potential problems with more than one Linux distro using the same /home partition, where the user program configuration files may conflict with each other.  (Although it's more rare, this can also happen when upgrading a distro to the latest version of itself.) 
3.  Makes re-installation of the operating system, upgrading to new distro versions, and switching to different distros easier.  Data is safely off on its own partition, so no need to copy it back on after a new install.  Just link to the partition again after replacing the root partition with the new installation. 
4.  Save time for newbies and experienced users whose system gets broken for some reason, requiring a re-installation.  No need to attempt accessing broken install to copy off data before replacing the system -- it's already safely off in its own location. 
 
 
Notes on example used in this tutorial: 
 
1.  Mount points can be anywhere you like, but are most typically made under /mnt, /media, or your /home.  This example has the mount point under /mnt. 
2.  You can name your mount point anything you want as long as it doesn't conflict with an already existing filename under that location (mount point).  This example uses the name "DATA". 
3.  Anywhere you see "yourusername" in a command, you are supposed to substitute your actual user name in it's place. 
4.  The location of the data partition on the drive for this example is /dev/sda5.  Make sure you substitute your specific partition in place of sda5 when running these commands. 
5.  If you want to also have a separate /home partition to preserve your config files for future reinstallations, feel free to do that.  That will have no effect on anything below.  (Just remember that it will not need to be more than a few GB's in size if it's only holding the config files.) 
6.  Everything below is done using commands in a terminal.  (I've never tried using a GUI, don't know if it's even possible to use a GUI, and wouldn't bother learning the GUI if it were possible because the terminal is quicker.) 
 
 
 
Use GParted from a live Linux DVD/USB to create the partitions you want for the operating systems you plan to install.  Or use it to make changes, additions, re-sizings, etc. to the partitions already on the disk.  Create your data partition and format it according to your needs -- eg. Ext4 if to be used with Linux distros; NTFS if to be shared with a Windows OS.  (Here is a good tutorial for GParted if you need it:  GParted partitioning software - Full tutorial.) 
 
After installing a Linux operating system, create a mount point for the data partition (eg. /mnt/DATA) 
 Code: sudo mkdir /mnt/DATA
  
Mount the partition 
Code: sudo mount /dev/sda5 /mnt/DATA
  
Take ownership of the mount point 
Code: sudo chown -R yourusername: /mnt/DATA
  
Navigate to the new data mount point 
 
Create typical home folders and any others you want for your data 
Code: mkdir Documents Downloads Music Pictures Videos
  
Find out the UUID# for your data partition 
 
Open your fstab file and make an entry to auto-mount the partition on boot 
Code: gksu leafpad /etc/fstab
  
In leafpad, add either of the two examples below and substitute your UUID# in place of ones below. 
- * For an Ext4 formatted partition, add an entry like this to end of file
 
 
Code: # Mount DATA partition under /mnt/DATA 
UUID=ceee2524-7df2-4d21-a1f7-9e7e55c722cc     /mnt/DATA  ext4  defaults  0   2
 - * For an NTFS formatted partition (used if sharing with Windows), add an entry like this to end of file
 
 
Code: # Mount DATA partition under /mnt/DATA 
UUID=747D4C9C1EFAD1F2  /mnt/DATA  ntfs-3g  defaults,windows_names,locale=en_US.utf8  0  0
  
Save the changes to fstab and close the text editor. 
 
Now you have a choice to either use "symlinks" between home and the data partition or to "bind" each directory in the data partition to the existing directories in home. 
 
If you use symlinks, delete the existing folders in /home/yourusername that you made duplicates of in the data partition.  (I always leave the "Desktop" folder in /home/yourusername and don't create that on the DATA partition.)  Then create symlinks for each following this format: 
Code: ln -s /mnt/DATA/Documents /home/yourusername
  
If you bind the directories to home, keep the existing directories in /home/yourusername and follow these instructions (recommend using option #3 -- "Auto Mount at Boot by creating your own Upstart script"): 
HowTo: Using Bind to Remount Part of a Partition 
 
That's it.  Now your data files will end up on the separate data partition and everything will automatically work that way each time you boot into any OS.
			
			
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|   London logs in | 
 
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Posted by: bvpainter  - 04-04-2014, 04:21 PM - Forum: Introductions 
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				Hi, I've recently installed L-L . I've tried many distros but recently have been looing for a small one to use on an elderly machine and this it. 
 
It looks neat so I guess I'll stick with it.
			 
			
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|   [SOLVED]dmesglog intel microcode update | 
 
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Posted by: Wirezfree  - 04-04-2014, 10:28 AM - Forum: Installing Software 
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				Hello, 
 
Whilst looking in the log files I found the the following: 
 Code: [    0.123183] perf_event_intel: PEBS disabled due to CPU errata, please upgrade microcode 
[    3.770289] microcode: CPU0 sig=0x206a7, pf=0x2, revision=0x1a 
[    3.879765] microcode: CPU1 sig=0x206a7, pf=0x2, revision=0x1a 
[    3.890331] microcode: CPU2 sig=0x206a7, pf=0x2, revision=0x1a 
[    3.891874] microcode: CPU3 sig=0x206a7, pf=0x2, revision=0x1a 
[    3.894952] microcode: Microcode Update Driver: v2.00 <[email protected]>, Peter Oruba Googling indicated that there is an integrated base microcode that is loaded at each boot, and my code was out of date. 
Further Googling led me to: 
https://sites.google.com/site/easylinuxt.../microcode 
 
Following the instructions resulted in: 
Code: [    0.123196] perf_event_intel: PEBS disabled due to CPU errata, please upgrade microcode 
[    4.671498] microcode: CPU0 sig=0x206a7, pf=0x2, revision=0x1a 
[    4.764014] microcode: CPU1 sig=0x206a7, pf=0x2, revision=0x1a 
[    4.769083] microcode: CPU2 sig=0x206a7, pf=0x2, revision=0x1a 
[    4.770855] microcode: CPU3 sig=0x206a7, pf=0x2, revision=0x1a 
[    4.777104] microcode: Microcode Update Driver: v2.00 <[email protected]>, Peter Oruba 
[    5.914461] microcode: CPU0 updated to revision 0x29, date = 2013-06-12 
[    5.914886] microcode: CPU1 updated to revision 0x29, date = 2013-06-12 
[    5.915303] microcode: CPU2 updated to revision 0x29, date = 2013-06-12 
[    5.915766] microcode: CPU3 updated to revision 0x29, date = 2013-06-12 
[    5.915769] perf_event_intel: PEBS enabled due to microcode update Which if my understanding is correct means, 
the integrated microcode was loaded, but then the updated microcode is recognised and loaded. 
So I think this is all O.K, but I'm not to sure..?? 
 
UPDATE: #1 
Apparently after further Googling there is another tool that appears(but this is where I get a bit lost) to allow the removal 
of the older version, but it needs "Multiverse Repository" adding..??, and I don't want to break anything..!! 
iucode_tool 
http://manpages.ubuntu.com/manpages/rari...ool.8.html 
 
 
UPDATE: #2 
It appears the iucode_tool is installed along with intel-microde packages, a dependency. 
Also the original base code cannot be removed, from Googling the base and update always seem to show in dmesg. 
So I guess I can close this. 
 
Thanks... David
			
			
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|   New to forum member | 
 
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Posted by: ukdave  - 04-03-2014, 09:01 PM - Forum: Introductions 
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				Hi have been a member of the linux distro community forum but as i only use linux lite now reckon i  better join the lite forum. 
Hoping to be around for quite some time. 
Thanks 
David
			 
			
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|   Brightness Control - Not working | 
 
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Posted by: Selenium  - 04-03-2014, 07:44 AM - Forum: Other 
- Replies (3)
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				Installed Linux Lite on my mate's old laptop last week, his major complain being that he can't change the brightness. Not by the Fn keys or elsewhere. 
 
Anyone got any clue on how to fix that? Real Linux newbie here still, but I installed Linux Lite so that his dying laptop could perhaps last a little longer. Windows was crippling it even further. 
 
So, any thoughts on how to troubleshoot/fix that? 
			 
			
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|   New to Linux Lite | 
 
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Posted by: Jim  - 04-02-2014, 08:55 PM - Forum: Introductions 
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				Hello everyone. My name is Jim and I just downloaded and installed Linux Lite. I feel like a fish out of water. I can't even figure out how to install a program that isn't already in the system. I was wondering if there might be a good tutorial to watch to figure this all out. Any help would be greatly appreciated!!! Have a great day! 
 
Jim
			 
			
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|   Bug in reverting the menu | 
 
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Posted by: cerise  - 04-02-2014, 05:00 PM - Forum: Other 
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				I clicked on the revert button to reset my menu - but it did not go back to the original state as it was during and after installation. Instead, the "Install Updates" disappeared and the icons for the first 3 submenus for System went missing.
			 
			
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|   Install Updates - Terminal | 
 
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Posted by: Coastie  - 04-02-2014, 03:43 AM - Forum: Installing Linux Lite 
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				 :-\ After reading post about users losing their menu items, Linux Lite installed modified desktop, and warnings from Valtam about resetting menu I wonder about the Install Updates - Terminal. Some of the updates I can see are from Jerry Bezencon (Valtam) but some but some are from Ubuntu and some I do not reconize. Are all updates offered by this program from or screened by the Linux Lite Development Team; therefore, safe to do? 
 
I no longer even ask Synaptic to check for update dues to be concerned about messing up Linux Lite.
			 
			
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